LEADERSHIP REFLECTIONS (CA 798)

Master of Arts Graduate Program in Communication and Leadership

Program Director, Dr. J. M. Noe

 

Dr. Aitken's Advisees: Capstone of Reflection or Project or Thesis - Comprehensive Exams - Defense of Thesis or Project

 

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CA 798 (2 CREDITS) LEADERSHIP REFLECTION

Link to frequently asked questions:

Can I switch from the thesis or project to the reflection capstone?

What if the reflection option wasn't available when I started the program years ago?

How do I enroll in the reflection course?

What is needed in the reflection?

How do I write the reflections?

How do I prepare and submit the contents of the reflection file?

When are assignments due?

What is the course schedule?

What if I am doing the reflections before taking comps?

What kind of grade can I expect?

What are the program goals? Go to http://www.park.edu/grad/masters-cl-goals.aspx

Can I see an example of a student reflection?  Go to http://ourwayit.com/Reflection/ExampleReflection.doc

 

 

DEADLINE!

 

The Graduate School requires that you pass your Reflection at least 4 weeks prior to graduation!  Therefore, the Reflection is due week 4.  This course is pass or fail.  When you pass (80% level), then I will notify Graduate School and Registrar that you have passed your capstone so you can graduate. 

 

By about April 15 or Nov. 15--if you have not received a copy of your advisor's notification or email about notification to the Registrar and Graduate School saying that you passed the capstone requirement (Reflection), contact me immediately!  You may need to revise your Reflection for your grade in the course.

 

 

CA 798 COURSE DESCRIPTION Prerequisite: Completed at least 24 hours in the MACL program.

CA798 Leadership Reflections: Capstone course for students not developing a thesis or project. Students electing this option will choose an additional class from the electives. This paper is graded on a pass/fail basis and does not require an oral defense. (From catalog 2012-2013)  Here are the program goals you will write about:  http://www.park.edu/grad/masters-cl-goals.aspx
 

 

ENROLLMENT

 

You cannot enroll yourself because you need an advisor who agrees to work with you on this capstone.  With that faculty member's approval, the Graduate School staff can sign you up to register for courses:  Kathryn DeFever, kathryn.defever@park.edu  or at 816-559-5629. Remember, because this course is only 2 credit hours, you also need to enroll in one additional traditional course (an elective) so you have a total of 36 hours. 

 

 

ADVISOR

 

Each faculty member may have different expectations for the Reflection capstone.  When you select my section of the course (Joan Aitken's), then I will be your advisor for the final stages of the program. Sometimes my students do a mini project for the Reflection, but usually they write an essay related to each goal and provide documentation showing that they met all the goals.

 

If you are within 6 months of graduation, make sure you have applied to graduate https://www.park.edu/registrar/gradapp/  Your application must be complete and you cannot be on provisional status.  The Graduate School or Registrar will evaluate your application and notify you if there's a problem. This responsibility is yours. http://ourwayit.com/DoIt/  You need to apply for graduation by April 1 for summer and fall and by November 1 for spring.    If you missed the deadline, just file as soon as possible.  This process will ensure that they check your courses and have passed all requirements.  If you are planning on walking at the Graduation Ceremony (held in May and December), you will also need to order your cap and gown by contacting the bookstore at 816-584-6747 or at bookstore@park.edu. Upon request, the bookstore will ship your cap & gown to you for a fee.

 

 

STICK WITH IT

 

If you start the thesis or project and receive credit, you canNOT switch to the reflection unless your original advisor agrees to the change.  In other words, once you take an hour or more in CA 700 Project or CA 797 Thesis, you make a commitment to completing that project or thesis.  If you decide that you want to switch, talk to your advisor to see what you can work out.

 

The reflection does NOT count as an elective course.  For the reflection capstone, you take an additional 3-hour elective course, then the 2-3 hour reflection course to replace the project or thesis option.  All students in the Master of Arts in Communication and Leadership program need a TOTAL OF 36 hours.


 

CHANGING CATALOG

 

If the CA 798 option was not available when you began this program, you need to request from the program director and graduate school that you switch to the current catalog requirements.  This means you will also need the 1 credit hour CA 500 course.  You can request the form Kathryn DeFever, kathryn.defever@park.edu  or at 816-559-5629.  Then complete the form and email it to Dr. Noe, the program director.

 

 

HOW TO SUBMIT YOUR REFLECTIONS

Put your name in the file name and on the title page.  Remember to use titles, and label everything. Add "Reflection" and the date in the file name.  The program goals are here:  http://www.park.edu/grad/masters-cl-goals.aspx
 

You do not need to rewrite your documents, but if there are APA errors, correct them so your submission looks professional and correct.

 

Use formal academic writing style with precise language.  Use your American Psychological Association (APA) publication manual to make sure the formatting and writing style is correct in the same way that is expected of the thesis and project.  Here is my link about APA, which may be helpful. 

 

Below is a checklist for effective, formal academic writing style.  In addition to your APA manual, you will find the Strunk and White Elements of Style book is an excellent source, which is available free online:  http://www.bartleby.com/141/

__ 12 font used.  For online reading, please use Arial 12 font throughout.  If you plan to publish your work, use Times New Roman 12 font.
__
"But" should be preceded by a comma and never used as first word of a sentence.
__ "Get" should be replaced by a more specific verb.
__ "However" is a weak way to begin a sentence.
__ Abbreviations need to be replaced with the entire word(s).
__ Abstract should be brief and to the point (see APA p. 26, empirical study).
__ Attention to details needed, including no typos, correct grammar, correct spelling.
__ Capitalization needs correction.
__ Citation style needs to comply with APA requirements (Author, year). All content needs to be paraphrased and cited. All cited sources need to be in the reference list.
__ Comma needed before and in a series of three.
__ Contractions need to be replaced with entire words.
__ Dash needs to be used according to APA.
__ Depth and substance in content needed, with more explanation.
__ Direct quotations used sparingly, only for crucial information or eloquently written information. Use quotation marks or block quote to indicate the quotation, followed by a page number citation.
__
Double-space everything, which means no single spacing for any reason and no white spaces. No extra space between paragraphs. See Microsoft help click here or click here.
__ Ellipses should be avoided at beginning and ending of quotations (quotations integrated into writing style) and have space ( . . . ) between each period.
__ Etc. should be avoided and instead delineate what you meant.
__ Headings show organization of the paper and follow APA. 
Remember to use APA level headings.  Purdue OWL, click here.
__ Idea development needs to be organized and make sense, with substantive content.
__ Factual information presented, without judgment or opinion for an objective, research-based approach.
__ Nouns should be used instead of pronouns for better clarity.
__ Opinion avoided so paper contains only facts from cited and referenced research articles.
__ P
age breaks used between main sections (no extra white space).  See Microsoft help, click here
__ Page number in upper right corner of each page with running head of your name or a few key words from the title.
__ Period after citation parentheses.
__ Pronouns should be avoided (such as "it," "this," "these," "they,"). 
Avoid the personal pronoun "you." 
__ Punctuation inside quotation marks.
__ Questions need to be avoided except for the research question.
__ Quotations avoided—less than 15%--and contain a page number (Author, year, p. ___).
__ References is the title of the References page (NOT called Works Cited).
__ References need to comply with APA requirements for content and formatting.
__ References from Communication and Mass Media Complete database.
__ Sensitive language used (avoided biases in gender, sexual orientation, culture, ethnic origin). Race is a social construct, not a scientific construct. Use the term "ethnicity" to refer to someone's background.
__ Slash should be avoided and more precise language used ("her or his").
__ Subject or noun and referent pronoun need agreement.
__ Table of contents with page numbers needed.
__ Tenses need to be used consistently (used past or present perfect tense throughout the review of literature).
__ Unnecessary words cut (tight writing style).
__ Very, really, sort of, thing, issues, a lot, and other qualifiers or vague language avoided (used specific nouns, adjectives, & adverbs).

Use an APA style title page. Center this information on the title page.

 


 


Leadership Reflections

A Capstone Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Arts in Communication and Leadership

by

Your Name

Park University

Date

 

Number the pages in the upper right corner and use a running head with your name on each page.

Provide a table of contents with page numbers for each goal so the reader can find things.

Files for the graduate reflection are typically 150-300 pages long, so use a table of contents. The table of contents should look something like this.

Reflections Table of Contents
Goal 1...........................................................................................1
Goal 1 Original Essay....................................................................2
Goal 1 Comprehensive Exam Answer............................................7
Goal 1 Document Title (
use a paper from a course or work context, which shows mastery of this goal) ....................................................................................10
Goal 1 Document Title (use another paper from a course or work, which shows mastery of this goal)
.....................................................................................................35
Goal 2...........................................................................................40
Goal 2 Original Essay....................................................................41
Goal 2 Comprehensive Exam Answer............................................45
Goal 2 Document Title (paper from a course
 or work context showing mastery of this goal) ............................................................................................50
Goal 2 Document (another paper from a course showing mastery of this goal or a document from work showing mastery of this goal)
.....................................................................................................61
 

So, here is what you want to put in the reflection file.  State the goal/question at the beginning of each reflection/answer, with the actual documents after your essay. For reflections, list the goal at the top of each relevant document. Each goal has these parts

a. Write out the goal http://www.park.edu/grad/masters-cl-goals.aspx
b. Write your reflection essay showing how you are applying what you learned.
c. Reference list, if you have one (not required).
d. Attach documentation of the comprehensive exam answer you submitted to the department. This answer must be completely different from your reflection essay.
e. Attach documentation, which is a paper from a course that shows you met this goal.
f. Attach documentation, which is a paper from another course or evidence from your employment.

Provide documentation after the essay for each goal. Rewrite each goal, followed by your reflection, followed by your labeled actual documentation, then rewrite the next goal, then your reflection, and so on.
Put everything in one electronic file.
This means you will resubmit the same material plus additional material each week.


If you haven't already done so, complete your comprehensive exams by week 3 of the term when you enroll in the reflection course.

For your reflections and documentation, every citation MUST be referenced in the reference list and every reference MUST be cited in APA style in the body. If your reflections or documentation have errors, you need to correct them now!

Comprehensive exams can be added only as documentation for your reflection essays. They cannot be used in the text of the reflection itself.

 

 

WHAT IS NEEDED IN "REFLECTION?"

 

Reflections

The only difference between a standard essay and a reflection is that you need to synthesize and evaluate your own experience within the context discussed in the essay.  Here are the program goals you will write about:  http://www.park.edu/grad/masters-cl-goals.aspx


Reflectivity is the idea that to learn, an individual must consider his or her beliefs and forms of knowledge before putting new knowledge into practice (Dewey, 1933). In this assignment, you will reflect on previous knowledge and new learning as a way of applying knowledge in communication or leadership practices.  Consider this metaphor by Schon (1987):
 
"There is a high, hard ground overlooking a swamp.  On the high ground, manageable problems lend themselves to solution through the application of research-based theory and technique.  In the swampy lowland, messy confusing problems defy technical solutions.  The irony of this situation is that the problems of the high ground tend to be relatively unimportant to individuals or society at large, however great their technical interest may be, while in the swamp lie the problems of greatest human concern" (p. 3).

Photo from Microsoft Clipart

 

References


Dewey, J. (1933) How we think. Boston: D. C. Heath.

Schon, D, (1987).  Educating the reflective practitioner:  Toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions.  San Francisco:  Jossey-Bass.

.

 

 

PROFESSOR'S EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY

 

I believe in mastery learning to achieve competence in the course content.  Competence includes a demonstration of exemplary communication and leadership.

 

 

 

CORE LEARNING OUTCOMES

 

As a result of taking this course the student should be able to

1.  Compare personal strengths and needs to the Kouzes and Posner model of exemplary leadership.

2.  Apply new learning and perspectives to the problem-solving process.

3.  Evaluate research-based information and theories as a way of becoming an exemplary leader.

4.  Explain communication styles and values of different cultures and how these factors influence communication and leadership in a global environment.

5.  Synthesize program learning by combining theoretical knowledge and practical skills to develop effective strategies for resolving organizational issues and improving decision-making in that context.

6.  Synthesize beliefs and forms of knowledge as a way of putting new knowledge into practice.

7.  Describe your framework for ethical communication and leadership conduct in contemporary organizations, which may operate in a global context.

 

Schedule

Enroll in Course Fall 1 or Spring 1 or Summer

 

Enroll in Course Fall 2 or Spring 2

Assignments

Submit a single file in the course Dropbox.

By 11:59 PM Sunday of Week 3

By 11:59 PM Sunday of Week 1

1.  If you haven't already done so, apply for graduation https://www.park.edu/registrar/gradapp/

2.  In eCompanion dropbox, submit your electronic file containing your essays and supporting documents for goals 1, 2, 3.

Week 5

Week 2

1.  In dropbox, in a single file, add your essays and supporting documents for goals 4 and 5.

Week 7

Week 3

1.  If you haven't already done so, take your comprehensive exams.

2.  In dropbox, in a single file, add your essays and supporting documents for goal 6 and 7.

 

Week 4

1.  Add your comprehensive exam answers to your Reflection, make revisions, and submit final version of your reflections and documentation in the dropbox, in a single file.

 

Week 5

1.  Notify Dr. Noe and Graduate School that you passed the Reflection capstone. 

2.  Double check graduation clearance.

 

Week 6

1.  Revise & resubmit your Reflection, if needed.

2.  Concentrate on finishing all your other course work.

By week 4 of next term.

Week 7

1.  Check with Graduate School and make sure an approval email goes to the Registrar so you are clear for graduation.

Two months later

Week 8

Graduation

  

 

 

HOW DO I WRITE EACH ESSAY?

 

After you enroll in the course, we will begin by discussing ideas in the eCompanion Discussion Board.  Save what you write in the Discussion Board to include in your essays.

 

In your essays, synthesize and evaluate your reflection on your learning in the Communication and Leadership Master of Arts program. You may focus on exploration of a particular or few topic(s) of interest. Other elements may include the following:

  • Use that reflection to figure out how you will apply your learning in the future. 
  • Provide specific examples from your experience. 
  • Evaluate your personal strengths and needs and communication strategies you use to continue your personal communication and leadership improvement. 
  • Analyze how the program has influenced your ethical, professional, problem-solving, and decision-making behaviors. 
  • Reflect on how will you use what you learned in the program to improve your communication and leadership.
  • Discuss how you have improved your communication skills, and what you still need to learn.

 

http://ourwayit.com/CA103/CA679/BD10308_.gif

 

HOW DO I SUBMIT THE REFLECTION?

If you are graduating this term, you need to submit the Reflection week 4 in the eCompanion or eCollege dropbox of your enrolled course.  I don't accept assignments by email.  Students sometimes need to revise the reflection.  After the revision is complete--or your original reflection is accepted by your profession--you may want to upload to the Park portfolio so you'll have it.  Help is on the lower left of of the Portfolio screen.

http://ourwayit.com/CA103/CA679/BD10308_.gif

 

EXAMPLE CORE ASSESSMENT RUBRIC

 

Competency

Exceeds Expectation

(2)

Meets Expectation

(1)

Does Not Meet Expectations

(0)

Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation

 

 

Learning Objectives # 5

Synthesizes research-based principles and theories learned in four courses and evaluates them to their pragmatic use in the student's experience.

Synthesizes principles learned in two to three courses and evaluates them to their pragmatic use in the student's experience.

 

Synthesizes principles learned in fewer than two courses and evaluates them to their pragmatic use in the student's experience.

 Application

 

Learning Objective #1, 2, 3, 6

Provides four examples of how the student will apply program learning to problem-solving in the future.

 

Evaluates strengths and needs against five areas of the exemplary leadership model.

Provides two or three examples of how the student will apply program learning to problem-solving in the future.

 

Evaluates strengths and needs against three or four areas of the exemplary leadership model.

 

Provides fewer than two examples of how the student will apply program learning to problem-solving in the future.

 

Evaluates strengths and needs against less than three areas of the exemplary leadership model.

Whole Artifact

 

Learning Objective #6, 7

Effective writing makes it easy for the reader to understand the student's

ethical, professional, and research-based strategies.

Minor errors seldom interfere with the overall professionalism and communication of the reflection.

 

Lack of effective writing or APA style interferes with focus on the content of the reflection.

 

 

 

 

 

WHAT IF YOU TAKE THE REFLECTION COURSE PRIOR TO COMPLETING THE  COMPREHENSIVE EXAMS?

Work on them both during the Reflection Course.  You don’t know the exam questions you’ll have for the comprehensive exams, but you know the program goals.  Write a scholarly essay for each goal, in which you cite at least three scholarly sources in Communication or Leadership, which demonstrate the key relevant, research-based theories you learned.  This can be short, perhaps a page (250 words) in which you explain the most important scholarly theories you learned relevant to each goal.  Provide that as part one of your documentation. 

Then write your reflection essay for each goal in which you demonstrate how you have changed your communication and leadership behaviors by applying these principles.  The reflection essays are typically 3-7 pages for each goal.

In other words:  Write the Comprehensive Exam Core Scholarship Explanation for each goals first, then write the Self Analytical Reflection Essay for each goal.

When you put them in your Reflection file, use this order:

1.       Goal 1.

2.       The Reflection Essay for the Goal.

3.       The Comprehensive Exam Core Scholarship Explanation (or the actual comprehensive exam answer you submitted to Dr. Noe for that goal).

4.       Additional documents that prove that you have met the goal.

5.       Goal 2 and so on.

 

GRADING

 

This is a pass or fail course requiring 80% mastery level.

 

 

LINKS

 

Course Expectations & Guidelines for Students

 

 

These pages are provided by Dr. Joan E. Aitken to supplement official information available through Park University. This page is provided as a free service, without the authority of any institution or organization. ourwayit.com. Copyright 2005-2012. All Rights Reserved.

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